制高点-第46部分
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INTERVIEWER： So who owns the land around here？
访谈者：那么谁拥有附近的土地呢？
PHILIP TESHA； Coffee Farmer； Tanzania： The land is our property。 We brought it from the farmer who was willing to sell to us。 So we brought this land； although we don't hold any title for the ownership。 But it's our property。
PHILIP TESHA； 咖啡种植户，坦桑尼亚：土地是我们的财产，我们从一个愿意出售的农民那里得来的。我们买下了这片土地，虽然我们不拥有所有权，但是，它是我们的财产。
INTERVIEWER： So how can you prove that's your property？
访谈者：那么你怎样能证明这是你的财产呢？
PHILIP TESHA： Because I'm here。 I was the person who brought it； and the person who sold it to me is also around here。
PHILIP TESHA：因为我就在这里啊。我就是买下它的人，出售这片地的人也在附近。
HERNANDO DE SOTO： So what we've been discovering is that there's a real huge paper wall that stops the poor from actually being able to develop private legal enterprise。
HERNANDO DE SOTO： 因此，我们已经发现的是：存在着一个实际的、巨大的纸墙阻挡着穷人，使他们不能发展合法的私有企业。
NARRATOR： Without property rights； ordinary people in developing countries can't get a loan； a mortgage； or credit。 They are excluded from the capitalist system； and the global market simply passes them by。
旁白：没有财产权，发展中国家的普通人民不能获得贷款、按揭或者信用。他们被隔离在资本主义制度之外，全球市场与他们擦身而过。
HERNANDO DE SOTO： So this is a time of crisis for the cause of capitalism worldwide； because for the moment it has only meant giving the elite of developing countries additional opportunities； and not being able to get down deep； deep into where the real majority interests of people in any developing country are； which is among the poor。
HERNANDO DE SOTO：因此，此时是全球资本主义事业产生危机的时刻，因为，它只能给发展中国家的少数精英提供额外的机遇，而不能给任何发展中国家中的绝大部分人的利益服务。
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Chapter 20： The Bottom End of Globalism ＇4：46＇
第二十章： 全球主义的底端
JEFFREY SACHS： It is an incredible moral problem how to live together with this vast gap in wealth。 It's also an incredible intellectual problem。 It's what development economists such as myself spend all our time thinking about。 Why is the gap so large？ What can be done to help the poorer countries narrow the gap？ It's a very tough question。
JEFFREY SACHS：如何与这种财富的巨大差异共存是一个不可思议的道德问题，同时也是一个不可思议的智力问题。这也是象我这样的发展经济学家毕生思考的问题。为什么贫富差距如此之大？我们能采取什么措施帮助贫穷国家缩小这个差距？这是个非常困难的问题。
NARRATOR： Places like Merelani； in Northern Tanzania； are the bottom end of the global economy。 Miners hunt for gemstones …… tanzanite …… that will eventually sell for over 1；000 per stone。
旁白：坦桑尼亚北部的Merelani等地方是全球经济的最低端。矿工在寻找一种宝石——坦桑黝帘石，每块这样的宝石能卖到1；00美元0。
Some mines are too narrow for grown men to navigate。 Those mines are left to children as young as 10； known as "；snake kids。"； For each stone； they receive less than one dollar。
一些矿井非常狭窄，成年人无法进入，于是，一些被称为“蛇童”的孩子——甚至只有10岁大——承担了进入矿道的工作，他们每采掘到一块宝石的收入不足一美元。
HERNANDO DE SOTO： Oliver Twist has e to town； and he's poor； and he's got a TV set； and he's able to see how you live as pared to how he lives； and he's going to get very angry。 So either you show him a capitalist route to do it and integrate him； or he's going to find another ideology。 And the fact that today there is no more Kremlin that is organizing a revolt doesn't mean that they're not going to find another capital； because when these things happen； when people are unhappy and rebel against a system； they'll find another locus of power very； very quickly。
HERNANDO DE SOTO： Oliver Twist曾经来到城市里，他非常贫穷，但他通过电视能看到你的生活和他的生活有多大的区别，这样他就会非常愤怒。因此，你就要给他指出一条资本主义道路并同化他，否则，他就会选择另一种意识形态。今天的世界上没有组织暴动的所谓“克里姆林宫”并不意味着他们将不能找到另一种首都，因为，当这些情况发生的时候，当人们产生不满并开始反抗一种制度体系的时候，他们会迅速地找到另一个权利所在地。
BILL CLINTON： I'm not one of these people that believes that economics solves all problems； but if people know they're taking care of their children； and if they have a personal interest in maintaining the peace； it's just easier for them to manage life's difficulties。 You know； it's no accident that the Nazi Party arose in Germany。 Everybody who was alive at the time remembers people in the Weimar Republic； after the harsh peace of Versailles after World War I； carrying wheelbarrows full of worthless Marks to the bakery to buy a loaf of bread。 So I don't want to oversell this： It is not sufficient to build a peaceful； free world； but it is absolutely necessary。 What is？ Trade。
BILL CLINTON：我不不相信经济学能解决所有的问题，但是，如果人们意识到他们正在照顾他们的孩子，如果维护和平对他们个人也有好处，那么他们就更容易应付生活中的难题。你知道，纳粹党在德国崛起并非偶然。当时的每一个人都记得：在第一次世界大战后，在凡尔塞取得艰难的和平之后，魏玛共和国的人要带着整车的、毫无价值的马克到面包店买一块面包。所以，我不夸张的说：建立一个和平的世界是不够的，但是绝对必要。还要什么条件呢？那就是贸易。
Onscreen caption： Warwick； England； December 2000
字幕：Warwick，英格兰，2000年12月
NARRATOR： In his final foreign policy address before leaving office； Bill Clinton sought to define the challenges of globalization。 He had e to the presidency saying that free trade would benefit America。 He left arguing it was crucial to maintaining the peace in an interconnected world。
旁白：在离职之前的最后一次外交政策演说中，克林顿试图给全球化的挑战下一个定义。他任职的时候曾说过：自由贸易将使美国受益。在他离职的时候，他宣扬：在这个相互联系的世界里，维护和平是最关键的问题。
BILL CLINTON： First let me say I think it's quite important that we unapologetically reaffirm a conviction that open markets and rule…based trade are necessary； proven engines of economic growth。 Now I know that many people don't believe that； and I know that inequality； as I said in the last few years； has increased in many nations； but the answer is not to abandon the path of expanded trade； but instead to do whatever is necessary to build a new consensus on trade。 And it's easy for me to say …… you can see how successful I was in Seattle at doing that。 No generation has ever had the opportunity that all of us now have to build a global economy that leaves no one behind。 For eight years I have done what I could to lead my country down that path。 I think for the rest of our lives we had all better stay on it。 Thank you very much。
克林顿：首先，我要说，我认为我们以非道歉的方式再次肯定开放市场和以一定规则为基础的贸易是经济增长所必需的、已被证实的动力，这一点非常重要。现在，我知道很多人并不这样认为，我知道，正象我在过去几年之间所说的那样，许多国家的不平等现象都加剧了，但是，这些问题的答案不是摒弃拓展贸易的道路，而是做采取一切必要行动来达成有关贸易的新共识。我说这些很容易——但是你可以看到我在西雅图会议上努力这样做的结果。我们拥有前所未有的机遇来构建这样一个全球经济——不让任何一个人落在后面。八年以来，我竭尽所能，领导我的国家沿着这条道路前进，我想，在我们生命所剩余的时间里，我们最好还能保持这个方向。非常感谢大家。
Chapter 21： Changing of the Guard ＇3：04＇
第二十一章：守护的变化
NARRATOR： Washington's free…trade agenda passed seamlessly from the Clinton to the Bush administration。
旁白：华盛顿的自由贸易日程从克林顿政府到布什政府间实现了完美的交接。
GEORGE W。 BUSH： Conquering poverty creates new customers。 What some call globalization is in fact the triumph of human liberty stretching across national borders； and it holds the promise of delivering billions of the world's citizens from disease and hunger and want。
布什：战胜贫穷产生了新的消费者。所谓的全球化是超越国界的人类自由的延伸，它使全球数十亿的人摆脱了疾病、饥饿和需求短缺。
RICHARD CHENEY： At this stage I don't find in my travels around the country or even around the world that there is widespread opposition to the basic fundamental trends that have been there for the last 40 or 50 years。 Millions of
